Building Automation System – What is it?

Building automation system (BAS) is a programmed system of a network of electronic devices that monitors the facilities of a building.

Some of the basic functions of BAS include:

1. Optimize start-up and performance of HVAC equipment and alarm systems.
2. Improve the building’s comfort
3. Minimize energy usage
4. Provide off-site building control
5. Coordinate, organize, and optimize subsystem control in buildings.

Most building automation networks are made of primary and secondary bus that link the high-level controllers with low-level controllers. Inputs and outputs for each controllers can be analog or digital.

Some of the devices that are used in BAS:

1. Controllers
   Mostly consist of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) with programs that are used to control equipment used in a building. They are divided into three groups: PLCs, controllers for the system / network, and controllers for the terminal unit.
   
2. Sensors
   Sensors are used to provide data such as occupancy data which helps to monitor the occupancy rate at given time.
   
3. Lighting
   Lighting can be turned on and off automatically based on daily time, a timer, or a sensor.
   
4. Air Handler
   Air handlers are used to regulate the amount of air entering and exiting the building. This helps to keep in accordance to the needs of air and human health in the building. Sometimes, temperature sensors are added additionally in space to help assist the air handlers.
   
   
5. Constant Volume Air-Handling Units (CAV)
   This is the less effective type of air handler. There are no variable speed sensors for the fans. To maintain temperatures in the building, CAVs open and close dampers and water supply valves.
   
6. Alarm and Security
   
   Many BAS will have alarm capabilities which when programmed, can help to notify someone through computer, pager, or alarm sound. It can also be set as a burglar alarm if occupancy sensor exists.

Hence, BAS has many different functionalities and goals but overall it can help to maintain and optimize the building for better efficiency, energy saving, and many others. If you have any question regarding BAS, you can contact us for consultation.